tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12457803461552410702024-03-18T13:38:33.034+01:00ERIK MARTIN WILLÈNAuthor of science fictionErik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.comBlogger15771125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-19217370409118583262024-03-18T07:31:00.005+01:002024-03-18T07:31:54.714+01:00Taking Earth’s temperature from space - European Space Agency, ESA<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYAiPuwRwRIIjWdyUKoT8BTHMJEu9sYhFgNDy7F3I0NLdymdEakLxHbQJapoyNDmtEOc7XyNk_yxCjsYud80ZKdWUg8PAjQ_ivIsJbaJxQUDBQSrBYkLn1IUzNGhtvyJJTE1rkPuH0KqH0ufThYMMyR0Lr0suuOFL9-Ymh-w-dYvQ-QE6T2_uEokN-fz2q/s480/ESA.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="267" data-original-width="480" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYAiPuwRwRIIjWdyUKoT8BTHMJEu9sYhFgNDy7F3I0NLdymdEakLxHbQJapoyNDmtEOc7XyNk_yxCjsYud80ZKdWUg8PAjQ_ivIsJbaJxQUDBQSrBYkLn1IUzNGhtvyJJTE1rkPuH0KqH0ufThYMMyR0Lr0suuOFL9-Ymh-w-dYvQ-QE6T2_uEokN-fz2q/s320/ESA.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/io7OZ7MV-RQ?si=s5SukuloDBVuxzuS" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-82564115626583880052024-03-18T07:31:00.003+01:002024-03-18T07:31:43.979+01:00Why Colon Cancer Develops - Yale Medicine Explains - Yale Medicine<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcci1jaxKEGcG_4Cy9eIdkth-VG2TQQj6ZACE0spRpEA-ljlhDgdnSwXfjYsEbqJjhDSl3HtQr2OT7WME-J7KhLuKomJB7VwQPBeTH01FCWSWwJHoqT0W_s4_2Rc9DpSHECajpy8DEr_E3_u1UauwWLjOwZN51PjL5hJed8bCtmQWxwh_ROxwXV562ZTMt/s1280/Yale%20Medicine.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcci1jaxKEGcG_4Cy9eIdkth-VG2TQQj6ZACE0spRpEA-ljlhDgdnSwXfjYsEbqJjhDSl3HtQr2OT7WME-J7KhLuKomJB7VwQPBeTH01FCWSWwJHoqT0W_s4_2Rc9DpSHECajpy8DEr_E3_u1UauwWLjOwZN51PjL5hJed8bCtmQWxwh_ROxwXV562ZTMt/s320/Yale%20Medicine.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ZrLZ-VfexXg?si=UmbJUMuJAkusAKlf" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-6064274559748076302024-03-18T07:31:00.001+01:002024-03-18T07:31:17.120+01:00New AI vs human. Aggressive GPT | Biocyborgs and living skin on a 3D printer. Musk's 2025 Prediction - PRO ROBOTS<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj8r3AKJZBvAqpH70ndqQ1AiznxNaK3B1bZNQwXGEPnYpvb8CtAkrd9Ap0mlS6dYuoa5a16vJ-mWvO-w9eMhKxRzjGezjJheL6-IeJws_iJVL2jdT0AWco9BcE3RJHgrdVBrGu6_J0UZMgBtvbp-dssDd6fK7nZ_5WDRCGQmpPi2akLefTN1a1n-gVMgWK/s1280/PRO%20ROBOTS.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj8r3AKJZBvAqpH70ndqQ1AiznxNaK3B1bZNQwXGEPnYpvb8CtAkrd9Ap0mlS6dYuoa5a16vJ-mWvO-w9eMhKxRzjGezjJheL6-IeJws_iJVL2jdT0AWco9BcE3RJHgrdVBrGu6_J0UZMgBtvbp-dssDd6fK7nZ_5WDRCGQmpPi2akLefTN1a1n-gVMgWK/s320/PRO%20ROBOTS.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/M2XOrA1AKjQ?si=xAu6_ts24L0rSLcc" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-36632183038732364102024-03-18T07:30:00.010+01:002024-03-18T07:30:58.237+01:00St. Patrick’s Aurora Illuminates the Night Sky - EARTH<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx0JUIC16wINTfbwL4f5diKTy__VC8tOfIPuusu4b67dQ0xXZ53QAAi_rlVueWZ3I0GvbFUdn3EFusg9kx3idPmMD8ubaXhdRPpnMHYswlg5LpR9QQDyAPen0sle1p-tsp5AM7Xe5jEx9FqupFtuQ0Zu6ZGI9XTGoEHoAnVX26K6N5_KShCbQOiDC_Pf3n/s2048/gsfc-20171208-archive-e000760orig-stpatricksaurora-iotd.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1367" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx0JUIC16wINTfbwL4f5diKTy__VC8tOfIPuusu4b67dQ0xXZ53QAAi_rlVueWZ3I0GvbFUdn3EFusg9kx3idPmMD8ubaXhdRPpnMHYswlg5LpR9QQDyAPen0sle1p-tsp5AM7Xe5jEx9FqupFtuQ0Zu6ZGI9XTGoEHoAnVX26K6N5_KShCbQOiDC_Pf3n/s320/gsfc-20171208-archive-e000760orig-stpatricksaurora-iotd.webp" width="214" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: #1b1b1b;">This
majestic image of the dazzling green lights of the aurora borealis was captured
on March 17, 2015, around 5:30 a.m. EDT in Donnelly Creek, Alaska.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;">Image Credit:
Sebastian Saarloos<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;">Source: <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/image-detail/gsfc-20171208-archive-e000760orig-stpatricksaurora-iotd/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">St.
Patrick's Aurora Illuminates the Night Sky - NASA</span></a></span> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-10492947167638542902024-03-18T07:30:00.008+01:002024-03-18T07:30:46.062+01:00TRY NOT TO LAUGH WATCHING FUNNY FAILS VIDEOS 2024 #70 - Daily Dose Of Laughs<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyobtxYjOckU_iSh7-YRrXsayvMb43ab2O_37f01PBtJ4dUG7uFROeccdtelI5s_LOo9WQLqBtcBMaSarq5CRN3JkLmxwK2P6Hd8hvqNW4CHTXLMcKUqz0tMKHnUZFHzSj8rR1KmJAg9K9j4oQUSnyJcnIYKVE5kax8_1j1A9EHxUMkW9hdDFpEFmGwJcU/s1280/Daily%20Dose%20Of%20Laughs.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyobtxYjOckU_iSh7-YRrXsayvMb43ab2O_37f01PBtJ4dUG7uFROeccdtelI5s_LOo9WQLqBtcBMaSarq5CRN3JkLmxwK2P6Hd8hvqNW4CHTXLMcKUqz0tMKHnUZFHzSj8rR1KmJAg9K9j4oQUSnyJcnIYKVE5kax8_1j1A9EHxUMkW9hdDFpEFmGwJcU/s320/Daily%20Dose%20Of%20Laughs.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/E-k35P0qpCM?si=YLawX5RPWto0jSHZ" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-15262984772420165232024-03-18T07:30:00.006+01:002024-03-18T07:30:32.342+01:00Short Clip - Sydney Sweeney - Anyone But You (2023) - Comedy - Romance<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiextmnVTtlTu2hxT0aQGKUr9WBnVbYDBs2Re-WooviKjCFX6YEhvNkoxlKoIkq6WbNkZXTxUj9zrkiO6oxq_k7sZIV4SK7wJD5s-2C0aTqw7PgEehAgvqtpSuZIXmUvqMv-SkiQqZi3C1lif-gDLZnNMmQS8HljUQENhLkiJ_GR5G5bhsasNR9xWQWGvIf/s9000/MV5BYmQ2MmY2MmYtMjUzOS00Y2MyLWE4YmQtYzIzYWQ4OTdmMGU0XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTUzMTg2ODkz._V1_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="9000" data-original-width="6072" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiextmnVTtlTu2hxT0aQGKUr9WBnVbYDBs2Re-WooviKjCFX6YEhvNkoxlKoIkq6WbNkZXTxUj9zrkiO6oxq_k7sZIV4SK7wJD5s-2C0aTqw7PgEehAgvqtpSuZIXmUvqMv-SkiQqZi3C1lif-gDLZnNMmQS8HljUQENhLkiJ_GR5G5bhsasNR9xWQWGvIf/s320/MV5BYmQ2MmY2MmYtMjUzOS00Y2MyLWE4YmQtYzIzYWQ4OTdmMGU0XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTUzMTg2ODkz._V1_.jpg" width="216" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKScizx14u_8kN218ub3KVbJ35E_hZb_psPyO6SrOF4A4HobpCJMVDOizYsQgEb2_L9mkFz6_hckVtmh2vnVIsq7GCMigOwcrlv7c_d1l68ic7KHFnFubyQWl-U6hMkn4vvEYx1gDiQYs0Kj8yGY-TyPStqRSAPy120bjModfH10wFdS8jijQPLYvQSTML/s480/Anyone%20But%20You%20(2023).jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="266" data-original-width="480" height="177" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKScizx14u_8kN218ub3KVbJ35E_hZb_psPyO6SrOF4A4HobpCJMVDOizYsQgEb2_L9mkFz6_hckVtmh2vnVIsq7GCMigOwcrlv7c_d1l68ic7KHFnFubyQWl-U6hMkn4vvEYx1gDiQYs0Kj8yGY-TyPStqRSAPy120bjModfH10wFdS8jijQPLYvQSTML/s320/Anyone%20But%20You%20(2023).jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/eHKCQF4voiY?si=MbDyg2AMr12mWBgp" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div><div style="text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;">Source: <a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt26047818/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_8_nm_0_q_Anyone%2520But%2520You%2520(2023)"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Anyone
But You (2023) - IMDb</span></a></span></span></p></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-32999286147539815102024-03-18T07:30:00.003+01:002024-03-18T07:30:15.754+01:00Sydney Sweeney On Filming Jaw-Dropping Ending of IMMACULATE | Interview - Jake's Takes<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5Lu7GrQZfIodPJ1NsJKx2IzukUsy3lB37Sj1cx9WlYMopWrtiprJMNCZPbBBOSQsDld-eGZNXezXD2MbS9TuLQgTil11dlHhGdvfATEI40t_s_tyaRszzqkV2ggzO8BoaiGwLbxz0Iu1ahx8YzGV0J1BaNjxyWuxfRLp7BeYFtuu7i311m47f8m08rxG/s1280/Jake's%20Takes.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5Lu7GrQZfIodPJ1NsJKx2IzukUsy3lB37Sj1cx9WlYMopWrtiprJMNCZPbBBOSQsDld-eGZNXezXD2MbS9TuLQgTil11dlHhGdvfATEI40t_s_tyaRszzqkV2ggzO8BoaiGwLbxz0Iu1ahx8YzGV0J1BaNjxyWuxfRLp7BeYFtuu7i311m47f8m08rxG/s320/Jake's%20Takes.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/_I-oYT8SPYA?si=J1p4qbbWmOuNb9b-" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-63717680573116294402024-03-18T07:30:00.001+01:002024-03-18T07:30:02.576+01:00TRANSFORMERS Behind The Scenes (2007) Megan Fox<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrOvc1H513rW54IZPij6d4m9pm7iggCwqHXFjLnXCcTZX_Y4FzyA7Quakb8rdb_Ukz6zrqkulGUwXWBdYNkI7DQzsprAzbjlZRuDujpILwHAvNYzZC0-JycN2YQeAsdULZ-pydin0nLessvQBHYq00wItSJt_kv7k_AgkCiQsoOJODFiVpF-t3Pl4ywecP/s1280/b%20h%20t%20s.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrOvc1H513rW54IZPij6d4m9pm7iggCwqHXFjLnXCcTZX_Y4FzyA7Quakb8rdb_Ukz6zrqkulGUwXWBdYNkI7DQzsprAzbjlZRuDujpILwHAvNYzZC0-JycN2YQeAsdULZ-pydin0nLessvQBHYq00wItSJt_kv7k_AgkCiQsoOJODFiVpF-t3Pl4ywecP/s320/b%20h%20t%20s.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3RvhNbazCjw?si=BaetsrZJpD5eavaG" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-56529148582496364302024-03-18T07:29:00.005+01:002024-03-18T07:29:51.730+01:00THE CAMP HOST Trailer (2024) Thriller Movie HD<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLEAxXhBaOb_Ms73OvWt8Uj7_A0UVq65mq-Y0P8EU1RuUlynABJM_Whamu7nqI5mO9F5Ohwb8GJTCcwn6GWeRTcWzG93P_lnN9WSlnsW_QO8c-TXYToppuXVg6rVMsfnih8RfLqaevV9709gRCZ0sAK7lJxqXYvlZZ38brGAnqc5cnqUVSmSGImcsBbPMH/s1474/MV5BYmUxNTlkYmYtNTBkNi00NzhhLWFiNjgtMDVhOThlYTI0NjY5XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMjM4ODAzMTE@._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1474" data-original-width="1000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLEAxXhBaOb_Ms73OvWt8Uj7_A0UVq65mq-Y0P8EU1RuUlynABJM_Whamu7nqI5mO9F5Ohwb8GJTCcwn6GWeRTcWzG93P_lnN9WSlnsW_QO8c-TXYToppuXVg6rVMsfnih8RfLqaevV9709gRCZ0sAK7lJxqXYvlZZ38brGAnqc5cnqUVSmSGImcsBbPMH/s320/MV5BYmUxNTlkYmYtNTBkNi00NzhhLWFiNjgtMDVhOThlYTI0NjY5XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMjM4ODAzMTE@._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" width="217" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/n-VUClJuA7M?si=W9eUoukkfjj2ut_n" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-56103281553911834422024-03-18T07:29:00.003+01:002024-03-18T07:29:43.925+01:00ON FIRE Trailer (2024) Drama, Thriller Movie HD<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdwSSkWfxmA9HvMNOJBMI5iWDNuqD4fa2vGhMG9k6xhupxIQWBpBp0a5S9Fc7szqd1zvOPGb-6AEO1MNnfSkmZyYIMqh_357R1R38RG9ud4HioqD-FByoUJZPUhxjgc5eVRKIiIqhkwLq9s_YG5ogsp_f82HYKyxPJqSGBTUm5-oNohXi_-KXd1GCepnl2/s2126/MV5BY2M5NGNjNzctMDY4YS00YTE5LTljM2MtMWQzN2YwYmMzZmU5XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMzQwMTY2Nzk@._V1_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2126" data-original-width="1400" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdwSSkWfxmA9HvMNOJBMI5iWDNuqD4fa2vGhMG9k6xhupxIQWBpBp0a5S9Fc7szqd1zvOPGb-6AEO1MNnfSkmZyYIMqh_357R1R38RG9ud4HioqD-FByoUJZPUhxjgc5eVRKIiIqhkwLq9s_YG5ogsp_f82HYKyxPJqSGBTUm5-oNohXi_-KXd1GCepnl2/s320/MV5BY2M5NGNjNzctMDY4YS00YTE5LTljM2MtMWQzN2YwYmMzZmU5XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMzQwMTY2Nzk@._V1_.jpg" width="211" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/39ofCQOyUQA?si=LsnplG4IE4RdTHnu" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-15795445004602100842024-03-18T07:29:00.001+01:002024-03-18T07:29:27.304+01:00THE BAXTERS Trailer (2024) Drama HD<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyHZroK49eOeY63JguGLBGze4nFudqbvlRFeIV1IFc85R8piOgp2zV25Q9FTAbMrjuaPqEDoFcSuma9N0zRBuMmCnmHpploTJ5CkytjSFfRkuw5AecBaSXVMRh179-BpT7zddBAmimhxmmdGZEjFPK_pDuz9Jqwpta0VvQpHj1mQXJkiODs7dByVS_mvuD/s1481/MV5BZmVkYjFiM2QtODJhZi00YzMzLWI0ZGMtZjNkMzdhMDUzOTA4XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMDM2NDM2MQ@@._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1481" data-original-width="1000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyHZroK49eOeY63JguGLBGze4nFudqbvlRFeIV1IFc85R8piOgp2zV25Q9FTAbMrjuaPqEDoFcSuma9N0zRBuMmCnmHpploTJ5CkytjSFfRkuw5AecBaSXVMRh179-BpT7zddBAmimhxmmdGZEjFPK_pDuz9Jqwpta0VvQpHj1mQXJkiODs7dByVS_mvuD/s320/MV5BZmVkYjFiM2QtODJhZi00YzMzLWI0ZGMtZjNkMzdhMDUzOTA4XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMDM2NDM2MQ@@._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" width="216" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KwG_DLEODws?si=CdlqnsiqYAZK6y4C" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-82303933455191087412024-03-18T07:28:00.001+01:002024-03-18T07:28:55.767+01:00Funny and Weird Clips (3227)<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ1ZknNz1wXtHm3ORjJ9t44U42kRrAVMYyRj_6noORsFYqVHOHzbj4kWtv8gc4-SyEY8xcNyiiViNFVmWtRvYSmboZfaTTNCYO8B8QEEz5W8X_m4KSh9JxA_JS2ZFpshyzN_7SIgWlofL96HvjVDuzNmIAu6mVvHumqhwGBCsIOjSjL0ukG9wodryIit_G/s600/BC%20(1).gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="357" data-original-width="600" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ1ZknNz1wXtHm3ORjJ9t44U42kRrAVMYyRj_6noORsFYqVHOHzbj4kWtv8gc4-SyEY8xcNyiiViNFVmWtRvYSmboZfaTTNCYO8B8QEEz5W8X_m4KSh9JxA_JS2ZFpshyzN_7SIgWlofL96HvjVDuzNmIAu6mVvHumqhwGBCsIOjSjL0ukG9wodryIit_G/s320/BC%20(1).gif" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="267" data-original-width="448" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMUnrRx8r5Dm2leUiSt2XUdjA1FRpyQNVF97OZHLRULy_lCv51P5JU3yL4NXuPAgK6rMUzIF8-0wdUteg3voONVeRNAA7GmqT9jlHV66T3H6uE4O9npaMvHHO8YeRsGECaTB_LJk8kWSr27oFHSDgVFULlcpvQVNfxxoLRM7GhlGX9XahOm-KYmR8Qizjc/s320/RP%20(2).gif" width="320" /></a><span style="text-align: left;"> </span></div><p></p>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-75107884911491741832024-03-16T07:23:00.001+01:002024-03-16T07:23:06.551+01:00Hubble Tracks Jupiter’s Stormy Weather - UNIVERSE<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM3r0M8J_cLr3THd1gVWac0avsICo9Iu7_JX_kLl1u5o6JFdiYqd0JsM07axwnNPhzVyH700Wj9v2XtJNvFzuu0_ETiv8GvGI1nyCHpB9EF35Ov8vUGizc4twrHBt5onHUmioK6Ot4RoqBzkjLY5Z9dARFimL6KkE_gpZcDV_J_r8mwpp1229n7A5lptNQ/s480/nasa.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="283" data-original-width="480" height="189" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM3r0M8J_cLr3THd1gVWac0avsICo9Iu7_JX_kLl1u5o6JFdiYqd0JsM07axwnNPhzVyH700Wj9v2XtJNvFzuu0_ETiv8GvGI1nyCHpB9EF35Ov8vUGizc4twrHBt5onHUmioK6Ot4RoqBzkjLY5Z9dARFimL6KkE_gpZcDV_J_r8mwpp1229n7A5lptNQ/s320/nasa.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzLhPZ6asDedBorze2TKN2-MkVtNHCaFXV4ZLBfUA4daThVSWh6V9cMeqxmhq9lWulxJMblcCSl8WiONcJX8WQ9u1KXvRvM2f_qGTk4s_C4zHi7jlTEX_bVZv0_oJrBQVVRewNDTlKtlW9RvI-nGlXMKaWiIglbtu_QiHEvUv2oXWLh65oyrdsZIapH5g6/s2162/Hubble_tracks_Jupiter_s_stormy_weather_pillars.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="2162" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzLhPZ6asDedBorze2TKN2-MkVtNHCaFXV4ZLBfUA4daThVSWh6V9cMeqxmhq9lWulxJMblcCSl8WiONcJX8WQ9u1KXvRvM2f_qGTk4s_C4zHi7jlTEX_bVZv0_oJrBQVVRewNDTlKtlW9RvI-nGlXMKaWiIglbtu_QiHEvUv2oXWLh65oyrdsZIapH5g6/s320/Hubble_tracks_Jupiter_s_stormy_weather_pillars.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/QP4VsPq7kiE?si=Ab4R55uPIEuTJVLO" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-35020036910432614812024-03-16T07:22:00.006+01:002024-03-16T07:22:52.547+01:00Modeling the origins of life: New evidence for an 'RNA World'<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1nAFBlPkloHRU-0fFrcm1_r3_llAP9F-QvRElnXmhonEcpkGWmXABJnJSxsi_HL2Z7qfYD9VbVEQ0RZ8KbrWC-SUL13lz8_qAnrD53mj-_ZacD19fvvcm-cpgFB4ImIljIwDamg7ni6CRG9P__xwK8d1kr0ZPepXElDCCxwvE5OzO_Da96uY7l4S-phZ8/s1280/modeling-the-origins-o.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="984" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1nAFBlPkloHRU-0fFrcm1_r3_llAP9F-QvRElnXmhonEcpkGWmXABJnJSxsi_HL2Z7qfYD9VbVEQ0RZ8KbrWC-SUL13lz8_qAnrD53mj-_ZacD19fvvcm-cpgFB4ImIljIwDamg7ni6CRG9P__xwK8d1kr0ZPepXElDCCxwvE5OzO_Da96uY7l4S-phZ8/s320/modeling-the-origins-o.jpg" width="246" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US">Hammerhead sequences copied by the lower-fidelity
polymerase drift away from their original RNA sequence (top) and lose their
function over time. Hammerheads catalyzed by the higher-fidelity polymerase
retain function and evolve fitter sequences (bottom). </span>Credit: Salk Institute</span><p></p><p></p><p style="background: white; margin-top: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Charles
Darwin described evolution as "descent with modification." Genetic
information in the form of DNA sequences is copied and passed down from one
generation to the next. But this process must also be somewhat flexible,
allowing slight variations of genes to arise over time and introduce new traits
into the population.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">But how did all of this begin? In the </span><span style="color: #212438;"><a href="https://phys.org/tags/origins+of+life/" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">origins of life</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">, long before cells and proteins and DNA, could a
similar sort of evolution have taken place on a simpler scale? Scientists in
the 1960s, including Salk Fellow Leslie Orgel, proposed that life began with
the "RNA World," a hypothetical era in which small, stringy RNA
molecules ruled the early Earth and established the dynamics of Darwinian
evolution.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">New research at the Salk Institute now
provides fresh insights on the origins of life, presenting compelling evidence
supporting the RNA World hypothesis. The study, </span><span style="color: #212438;"><a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2321592121" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #4680ee; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">published</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"> in <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences</i> (<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">PNAS</i>),
unveils an RNA enzyme that can make accurate copies of other functional RNA
strands, while also allowing new variants of the molecule to emerge over time.
These remarkable capabilities suggest the earliest forms of evolution may have
occurred on a molecular scale in RNA.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The findings also bring scientists one
step closer to re-creating RNA-based life in the laboratory. By modeling these
primitive environments in the lab, scientists can directly test hypotheses
about how life may have started on Earth, or even other planets.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 15pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span><p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FJovOoy7ez8?si=zVzzmAhf5DmBgckC" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Scatterplots
show the evolving populations of hammerheads across multiple rounds of
evolution. Hammerheads copied by the lower-fidelity polymerase (52-2) drift
away from the original RNA sequence (white contours) and lose their function.
Hammerheads copied by the new higher-fidelity polymerase (71-89) retain
function, with new functional sequences emerging over time. Credit: Salk
Institute<span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-top: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">"We're
chasing the dawn of evolution," says senior author and Salk President
Gerald Joyce. "By revealing these novel capabilities of RNA, we're
uncovering the potential origins of life itself, and how simple molecules could
have paved the way for the complexity and diversity of life we see today."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">Scientists can use DNA to trace the
history of evolution from modern plants and animals all the way back to the
earliest single-celled organisms. But what came before that remains unclear.
Double-stranded DNA helices are great for storing </span><span style="color: #212438;"><a href="https://phys.org/tags/genetic+information/" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">genetic information</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">. Many of those genes ultimately code for
proteins—complex molecular machines that carry out all sorts of functions to
keep cells alive.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">What makes RNA unique is that these
molecules can do a bit of both. They're made of extended nucleotide sequences,
similar to DNA, but they can also act as enzymes to facilitate reactions, much
like proteins. So, is it possible that RNA served as the precursor to life as
we know it?<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Scientists like Joyce have been
exploring this idea for years, with a particular focus on RNA polymerase
ribozymes—RNA molecules that can make copies of other RNA strands.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Over the last decade, Joyce and his team
have been developing RNA polymerase ribozymes in the lab, using a form of
directed evolution to produce new versions capable of replicating larger
molecules. But most have come with a fatal flaw: they aren't able to copy the
sequences with a high enough accuracy. Over many generations, so many errors
are introduced into the sequence that the resulting RNA strands no longer
resemble the original sequence and have lost their function entirely.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Until now. The latest RNA polymerase
ribozyme developed in the lab includes a number of crucial mutations that allow
it to copy a strand of RNA with much higher accuracy.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In these experiments, the RNA strand
being copied is a "hammerhead," a small molecule that cleaves other
RNA molecules into pieces. The researchers were surprised to find that not only
did the RNA polymerase ribozyme accurately replicate functional hammerheads,
but over time, new variations of the hammerheads began to emerge.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">These new variants performed similarly,
but their mutations made them easier to replicate, which increased their
evolutionary fitness and led them to eventually dominate the lab's hammerhead
population.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">"We've long wondered how simple
life was at its beginning and when it gained the ability to start improving
itself," says first author Nikolaos Papastavrou, a research associate in
Joyce's lab.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">"This study suggests the dawn of
evolution could have been very early and very simple. Something at the level of
individual molecules could sustain Darwinian evolution, and that might have
been the spark that allowed life to become more complex, going from molecules
to cells to multicellular organisms."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The findings highlight the critical
importance of replication fidelity in making evolution possible. The RNA
polymerase's copying accuracy must exceed a critical threshold to maintain
heritable information over multiple generations, and this threshold would have
risen as the evolving RNAs increased in size and complexity.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">Joyce's team is re-creating this process
in laboratory test tubes, applying increasing </span><span style="color: #212438;"><a href="https://phys.org/tags/selective+pressure/" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">selective pressure</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"> on the system to produce better-performing
polymerases, with the goal of one day producing an RNA polymerase that can
replicate itself. This would mark the beginnings of autonomous RNA life in the
laboratory, which the researchers say could be accomplished within the next
decade.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The scientists are also interested in
what else might occur once this mini "RNA World" has gained more
autonomy.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">"We've seen that selection pressure
can improve RNAs with an existing function, but if we let the system evolve for
longer with larger populations of RNA molecules, can new functions be
invented?" says co-author David Horning, a staff scientist in Joyce's lab.
"We're excited to answer how early life could ratchet up its own
complexity, using the tools developed here at Salk."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">The methods used in the Joyce lab also
pave the way for future experiments testing other ideas about the origins of
life, including what environmental conditions could have best supported RNA </span><span style="color: #212438;"><a href="https://phys.org/tags/evolution/" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">evolution</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">, both on Earth and on other planets.</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: black;">by </span><a href="http://www.salk.edu/" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: black;">Salk Institute</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US">Source: </span><a href="https://phys.org/news/2024-03-life-evidence-rna-world.html"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Modeling the origins of life: New
evidence for an 'RNA World' (phys.org)</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></p></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-90436502021378021362024-03-16T07:22:00.004+01:002024-03-16T07:22:20.801+01:00AI Nudes Of Celebs Like Margot Robbie And Selena Gomez Are For Sale On eBay - FORBES<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9ftgXbQH1jWcP9eF68_mW2LyBlnSdN9QPY5kW9ut6XiZzGDzlp2m8onGhEBYdHE5om38x7DemQ5CwuJrdVSoRDoNw6Hi6Phl7sNrRSuBZnF2Z0nNguzasB-LwCaHV7wpSCV71NHRiIjDm-reb0nEUjtBrMbh345f7LNwjjbKzUMC5Bcdz7i6N-iXDWudZ/s1280/FORBES.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9ftgXbQH1jWcP9eF68_mW2LyBlnSdN9QPY5kW9ut6XiZzGDzlp2m8onGhEBYdHE5om38x7DemQ5CwuJrdVSoRDoNw6Hi6Phl7sNrRSuBZnF2Z0nNguzasB-LwCaHV7wpSCV71NHRiIjDm-reb0nEUjtBrMbh345f7LNwjjbKzUMC5Bcdz7i6N-iXDWudZ/s320/FORBES.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/_dJ-_xAg2MU?si=nFiy3SLsr3rnk-e8" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-41788978295321055372024-03-16T07:22:00.002+01:002024-03-16T07:22:11.969+01:00Snake measuring 26ft long discovered in Amazon Rainforest - The Independent<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIPsru9P1eFC8TX-xO62JlZw0QQ6OFTf9jVMXQnFx0BUb3mG7NiuS9Y1__0ZjvTV-8U3tsCDZ5DszIPmWBPtWX3aT11k5zHKPV4dbCDIg3SqwDw5RfhlCk2v5534q1gPP9DyBoGQzQ09d97n2S32DPeuUUgOTm1vElWEUZiCnPIt4g3SQ10AOQkknqpblD/s1280/The%20Independent.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIPsru9P1eFC8TX-xO62JlZw0QQ6OFTf9jVMXQnFx0BUb3mG7NiuS9Y1__0ZjvTV-8U3tsCDZ5DszIPmWBPtWX3aT11k5zHKPV4dbCDIg3SqwDw5RfhlCk2v5534q1gPP9DyBoGQzQ09d97n2S32DPeuUUgOTm1vElWEUZiCnPIt4g3SQ10AOQkknqpblD/s320/The%20Independent.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><span class="yt-core-attributed-string--link-inherit-color"><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #131313; line-height: 107%; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The world’s biggest snake
has been discovered in the Amazon rainforest. </span></span></span></div><div><span class="yt-core-attributed-string--link-inherit-color"><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #131313; line-height: 107%; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="yt-core-attributed-string--link-inherit-color"><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #131313; line-height: 107%; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The huge anaconda measures
26ft-long, weighs 440lbs and its head is the same size as a human’s. The
Northern Green Anaconda was found by TV wildlife presenter, Professor Freek
Vonk, and is as thick as a car tyre. </span></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #131313;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #131313;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">This incredible footage shows Professor Vonk
swimming next to the giant anaconda. </span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="yt-core-attributed-string--link-inherit-color"><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #131313; line-height: 107%; padding: 0cm;">Watch more on Independent TV: </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #065fd4; line-height: 107%; padding: 0cm;"><a force-new-state="true" href="https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=QUFFLUhqbW1wX1duWFF2Y3dIenBsN214UFE0QVFPbkxod3xBQ3Jtc0tuNk51cjN6SmtFa1NydjJFOXFHa1F4cWplSkFxT2VPajEwdVl6aDBMc3NIMXVZNDQ0MlBrMm9zRlNEWDZEVnJIX3F1Zk1pbUlPck9XaTdCNjcyeVF6ODQ5OEMyUnVJUGxMVnJwZ2JkTXR3RmFwWDNsWQ&q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Ftv%2Feditors-picks&v=ZJBD-Ga-0uM" target="_blank"><span style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="text-decoration-line: none;">https://www.independent.co.uk/tv/edit...</span></span></a></span></span><span style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); white-space-collapse: preserve;"></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ZJBD-Ga-0uM?si=KOx3MeqtL0XVZCDg" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-54421594148473168992024-03-16T07:21:00.002+01:002024-03-16T07:21:30.649+01:00That's Cold! Fails Of The Week - FailArmy<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9VM7J5pWqixNuRmkYeYXa1i_tdcKPB1am8hvstOr6VKeqKjPrdVPIzu5mYMsyy5ZO9NQZwTo_qfHqsH8SouUsAbgWSB2RLKHzKpg_wFBoZ-Cyj8g1I81eGj2ngjhQqDKKiN45Njvz1DQXHO8qGX1Ewr16029bqZcy7CwMYR_AmFGC27wVpeVhAyKftkB5/s1280/FailArmy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9VM7J5pWqixNuRmkYeYXa1i_tdcKPB1am8hvstOr6VKeqKjPrdVPIzu5mYMsyy5ZO9NQZwTo_qfHqsH8SouUsAbgWSB2RLKHzKpg_wFBoZ-Cyj8g1I81eGj2ngjhQqDKKiN45Njvz1DQXHO8qGX1Ewr16029bqZcy7CwMYR_AmFGC27wVpeVhAyKftkB5/s320/FailArmy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/xa4Vd2PdCe0?si=D_RwSIqhCms5kzkB" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-41875325363239200502024-03-16T07:21:00.000+01:002024-03-16T07:21:14.688+01:00Short Clips - Jenna Ortega & Gideon Adlon - Miller's Girl (2024) - Comedy - Drama<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWViRpLFFteWNZw3tBV1OjAuWBvafPOqaPqZD-VXFP_fMbxjI_waf4ATW009_H4kSOw-bkiTQJwf8DTxyaJtGDl8ihSQuOKAuzu-pY4mODBSi43P1ngCy_Gho7V0KcEZBYVJsFNW_wHIWY9yc23dJa8-u5d3Laf4G230Ij5WnwX3jtdlaN1Tj52IJ1ZtFI/s3000/MV5BM2JiYTQzM2MtOWU4NS00MGMwLTg2NTYtMTNhMzk5Y2JlY2Q4XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTUzMTg2ODkz._V1_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3000" data-original-width="2000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWViRpLFFteWNZw3tBV1OjAuWBvafPOqaPqZD-VXFP_fMbxjI_waf4ATW009_H4kSOw-bkiTQJwf8DTxyaJtGDl8ihSQuOKAuzu-pY4mODBSi43P1ngCy_Gho7V0KcEZBYVJsFNW_wHIWY9yc23dJa8-u5d3Laf4G230Ij5WnwX3jtdlaN1Tj52IJ1ZtFI/s320/MV5BM2JiYTQzM2MtOWU4NS00MGMwLTg2NTYtMTNhMzk5Y2JlY2Q4XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTUzMTg2ODkz._V1_.jpg" width="213" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg_1em6kLRXWnKuUYRRAz-33xekavu4LSVcklZrxolsSAC8l8hTJJoa0Ti-5NbQbokWlDqvJhtpIZTsSAzFEONjGs2c5OJLJI2dqcu7A5_qGYgOCqMT-zcKi0ZMzWd57TT4-1miONScIS3W1G-YJslybR_p4oIN45iOd3Jmi5DmywmQFTqKZa2t1RgvQfM/s1000/MV5BNjcyNGMxNjItOWRiOS00NzY3LWFiYzUtYTYzZWFmM2MwZDU1XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTUzMTg2ODkz._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="667" data-original-width="1000" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg_1em6kLRXWnKuUYRRAz-33xekavu4LSVcklZrxolsSAC8l8hTJJoa0Ti-5NbQbokWlDqvJhtpIZTsSAzFEONjGs2c5OJLJI2dqcu7A5_qGYgOCqMT-zcKi0ZMzWd57TT4-1miONScIS3W1G-YJslybR_p4oIN45iOd3Jmi5DmywmQFTqKZa2t1RgvQfM/s320/MV5BNjcyNGMxNjItOWRiOS00NzY3LWFiYzUtYTYzZWFmM2MwZDU1XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTUzMTg2ODkz._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/5Qpvm5YpgA8?si=fXCjMGg4UOCbwTWz" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/hHMs-OvRDgE?si=oMGlAuYeF9tZH1gl" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/1Av6u1f45Bo?si=gGlS5lwxSSJpD874" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Source:
<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8310486/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Miller's Girl
(2024) - IMDb</span></a></span></span></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-26473618846450291762024-03-16T07:20:00.005+01:002024-03-16T07:20:26.717+01:00DAMSEL: Millie Bobby Brown takes us Behind the Scenes<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjovmSY2ZBbwVKQ0WnWYqmnm7twKKvF2EfphbfGScnP0x6dPNHFa0S2JtD4DYMRbGH_8Czbuhh2P0cw34QGyFzIw9huPRP-vyIKVnjEKKALzEVksRjRJOF1YZZNOFW3lWJm53DmU-kLLGheTY4kEiT2nrv3iDCULDEo9Rayv__IrkzhKgmxBisjYzuiADKX/s1280/bhts.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjovmSY2ZBbwVKQ0WnWYqmnm7twKKvF2EfphbfGScnP0x6dPNHFa0S2JtD4DYMRbGH_8Czbuhh2P0cw34QGyFzIw9huPRP-vyIKVnjEKKALzEVksRjRJOF1YZZNOFW3lWJm53DmU-kLLGheTY4kEiT2nrv3iDCULDEo9Rayv__IrkzhKgmxBisjYzuiADKX/s320/bhts.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/WcjIW-dC6pc?si=1pvDp6yyzES9qhYi" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-22644793747228865542024-03-16T07:20:00.003+01:002024-03-16T07:20:12.379+01:00YOU SHOULDN'T HAVE LET ME IN Trailer (2024) Vampire, Horror, Drama Movie HD<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFzXrU3leVYNOxlT9oFOlOGdeFjXGoApRALjnYu8GoLI75coeEP4jo96TMxf0YVFkU7w0HpxkKzgQIkXrEf2oG7_Xv9YLlzuFVncb1edXk1xKV_GHbJhteN6Wn0ekb0bGQcwijj3_AzYrPpK6Q3NJXFa9p_DGOg5Yhv_kWIxYD_c9X0-QsNKzOQvwl54pJ/s1429/MV5BZDljMjljNDYtNGVlYy00M2Y4LTgwZTYtMDBiMzFhYmFiZWM2XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyNDY2NDcwNDc@._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1429" data-original-width="1000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFzXrU3leVYNOxlT9oFOlOGdeFjXGoApRALjnYu8GoLI75coeEP4jo96TMxf0YVFkU7w0HpxkKzgQIkXrEf2oG7_Xv9YLlzuFVncb1edXk1xKV_GHbJhteN6Wn0ekb0bGQcwijj3_AzYrPpK6Q3NJXFa9p_DGOg5Yhv_kWIxYD_c9X0-QsNKzOQvwl54pJ/s320/MV5BZDljMjljNDYtNGVlYy00M2Y4LTgwZTYtMDBiMzFhYmFiZWM2XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyNDY2NDcwNDc@._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" width="224" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/HSY8zPiS8h4?si=WjV9ZJqxxjnhaHZR" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-69358221090040417732024-03-16T07:20:00.001+01:002024-03-16T07:20:02.738+01:00THE GREATEST HITS Trailer (2024) Lucy Boynton, Justin H. Min, Romance Movie<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioqmg-foiB_MFhima49w3Hn7tslamLWBLn576wfNJYJkSkGTJi8dgTOoVhaBUnR9t8hyphenhyphen1YvVz_8ZTk5cARXQ7_ZkxvJeaBg1gQVwbsceZf7fzdGUEoWScKpiJn05VPf9Qn4i84DZlvQZRUXk14kcWMy1eIRTBU9Uy-EFiEcXIyx-abBUoT_3pjd5c8P4Yb/s1445/MV5BODA2NGRhNjAtZWQ4Zi00NjYxLWIyYzctYTRhZDcwZjgyNzk0XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTM1NjM2ODg1._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1445" data-original-width="1000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioqmg-foiB_MFhima49w3Hn7tslamLWBLn576wfNJYJkSkGTJi8dgTOoVhaBUnR9t8hyphenhyphen1YvVz_8ZTk5cARXQ7_ZkxvJeaBg1gQVwbsceZf7fzdGUEoWScKpiJn05VPf9Qn4i84DZlvQZRUXk14kcWMy1eIRTBU9Uy-EFiEcXIyx-abBUoT_3pjd5c8P4Yb/s320/MV5BODA2NGRhNjAtZWQ4Zi00NjYxLWIyYzctYTRhZDcwZjgyNzk0XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTM1NjM2ODg1._V1_FMjpg_UX1000_.jpg" width="221" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/v8Dajt59Ij4?si=O9Yq7Im1aIcJJOFj" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-13598955279251757792024-03-16T07:19:00.003+01:002024-03-16T07:19:52.459+01:00BECOMING KARL LAGERFIELD Trailer (2024) Biopic, Drama Movie<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUh1OE7nN8o85R-bg_VtCnEy090TC6B3YJ-z2FKEoN8VAHW6FUwB_WT26Y7asdGRby4yZ4ic5jFIA_S1Y_SDlx1n6QnOCG_G6XSFiGoHOzZQkgQocexQbDT-c_EaGuOEZM_vJcUAL-G4lzs6kqvS6GAM89XH6Zz76wCEyB5yN-V6HX3diizTkcU31xGpeG/s2160/MV5BY2U1MWZhNDEtODc2OC00MTI4LTlhZjYtYTg1ZjEyZTcyMzk3XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTE0MzQwMjgz._V1_.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1440" data-original-width="2160" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUh1OE7nN8o85R-bg_VtCnEy090TC6B3YJ-z2FKEoN8VAHW6FUwB_WT26Y7asdGRby4yZ4ic5jFIA_S1Y_SDlx1n6QnOCG_G6XSFiGoHOzZQkgQocexQbDT-c_EaGuOEZM_vJcUAL-G4lzs6kqvS6GAM89XH6Zz76wCEyB5yN-V6HX3diizTkcU31xGpeG/s320/MV5BY2U1MWZhNDEtODc2OC00MTI4LTlhZjYtYTg1ZjEyZTcyMzk3XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTE0MzQwMjgz._V1_.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PvnP4oYB2fI?si=MQ2owh0AZYhc6xGT" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-8328163336230590452024-03-16T07:19:00.001+01:002024-03-16T07:19:41.606+01:00Funny and Weird Clips (3226)<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvoXfviN4Kxl5Ba97mymetaFAnxkIF6C0-o7Zzz2jaCW2vqWJHNRX9XKVn_FM2HYwrwH8ct54GCF7mtguVsZivZB3XEggnyp9YWMOoRQ4Fdot6yA91gyYuIRtJ51QfS1l9AaXktT4qtmdan9VKAUKTv-IbDZRV9QUoBy2mktH9VtZHWHn66UEk579G0plk/s444/CD%20(1).gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="444" data-original-width="250" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvoXfviN4Kxl5Ba97mymetaFAnxkIF6C0-o7Zzz2jaCW2vqWJHNRX9XKVn_FM2HYwrwH8ct54GCF7mtguVsZivZB3XEggnyp9YWMOoRQ4Fdot6yA91gyYuIRtJ51QfS1l9AaXktT4qtmdan9VKAUKTv-IbDZRV9QUoBy2mktH9VtZHWHn66UEk579G0plk/s320/CD%20(1).gif" width="180" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi36g8aq8wneShuXWS6Tvq7EHV4oBxrpzAF2mLwLVBK5YgA6u9jblikcr_x8orgqqHYuEBBRCFHsxmCa3TOmJ3VVhEdg-UT7PmPVSleyjFVIriqAOiNJyiMW_7kRPkCMnIHT5_YtoF7Z5faknaE1w_q5GMIClnL_wMM0Td2sJ_6NQJl9zQwvyPWE4XE-XzG/s432/CD%20(2).gif" style="margin-left: 1em; 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text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi12kgxe6hRNwI995S2Mgko68x7SYaWZMDcZHgXU9iEdO70_AzmbXwLkHatg80oLNW9CZHE_O_XAKHYVEaydzCv3Z4tawQRnGF9-fruzhWWXofS_kLb6JJ19bwq4TLhyHzCUPMyuZFB0ZU3xu5qzWkyV9f_rIeiDz5kuwWPFNEoX1amI2HpzwT5QO6j85Qg/s2226/nasa-moon-eclipse-poster-nguyen-preview.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2226" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi12kgxe6hRNwI995S2Mgko68x7SYaWZMDcZHgXU9iEdO70_AzmbXwLkHatg80oLNW9CZHE_O_XAKHYVEaydzCv3Z4tawQRnGF9-fruzhWWXofS_kLb6JJ19bwq4TLhyHzCUPMyuZFB0ZU3xu5qzWkyV9f_rIeiDz5kuwWPFNEoX1amI2HpzwT5QO6j85Qg/s320/nasa-moon-eclipse-poster-nguyen-preview.webp" width="230" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #58585b;">Artist’s representation of a total solar eclipse, with
a new moon in the foreground and the Sun’s corona visible in the
background. </span><span style="color: #58585b;"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/resource/327983/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; text-decoration-line: none;">Download the Poster</span></a> </span>NASA/Vi Nguyen</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">On April 8, 2024, much of North
America will experience a </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/future-eclipses/eclipse-2024/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">solar eclipse</span></a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-size: medium;">: a cosmic alignment of Sun, Moon, and Earth, in that order. The Moon’s
shadow path will make landfall on Mexico’s Pacific coast, cross the United
States from Texas to Maine, and exit North America via Newfoundland, Canada,
continuing into the Atlantic Ocean. </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/future-eclipses/eclipse-2024/safety/"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">Learn how to safely observe the 2024 Solar Eclipse</span></b></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">It's All About Perspective</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Solar eclipses on Earth are a
convenient coincidence. The Sun’s diameter is about 400 times larger than the
Moon’s, and the Sun is almost 400 times farther away from us than the Moon is.
This combination makes the Sun and Moon appear nearly the same size in our sky,
setting up a spectacular show when they align. Try experimenting with apparent
size for yourself by holding up a small item, like your thumb, and moving it
closer and farther away to block different-sized objects from your view. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">The Moon’s distance from Earth
varies, though only slightly. The Moon’s orbit is not a perfect circle, and it
is not quite centered on our planet. At its closest, the Moon is about
twenty-eight Earth diameters away; at its farthest, about thirty-two. As a
result, the Moon’s apparent size changes over time, and </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/skywatching/how-is-the-2024-total-solar-eclipse-different-than-the-2017-eclipse/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">eclipses are not all alike</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">A total solar eclipse is only
possible when the Moon is closer to Earth than average. When the Moon is
farther away, its apparent size is smaller than the Sun’s, so it does not
completely block the Sun’s bright disk. In this configuration, when the Moon passes
between Earth and the Sun, a “ring of fire” remains visible – that’s an </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/types/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">annular
solar e</span></a><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/future-eclipses/eclipse-2023/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">clipse</span></a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-size: medium;">.</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">An Orbital Dance</span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 2;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"> </span></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zXaA5Pg0MrM?si=ipBCCRCT5zh8O6Yi" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #58585b;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Video tutorial describing the 2024 total solar eclipse
and explaining the Moon's role in creating it. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space
Flight Center<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">Ever wonder why solar eclipses
don’t happen more often? Earth, Moon, and Sun don’t line up perfectly every
month because the Moon’s orbit is tilted by about 5 degrees compared to Earth’s
orbit around the Sun. Most of the time, </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/resource/why-dont-we-have-a-solar-eclipse-every-month-2/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">the Moon’s shadow misses our planet</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">When all three celestial bodies do
align, views of the eclipse depend not just on our position in the solar
system, but also on </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5186/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">our location on Earth</span></a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">. The Moon’s shadow has two parts, the umbra and the
penumbra. Observers in the umbra (or “path of totality”) will experience a
total solar eclipse. For those in the penumbra, the eclipse will be partial.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTSXXtrp84z0H59-Kj8Z_5B7nb8XQve5nu7JG4lnKdr79BtSEKsgJDdxI_e9kwnlZe_W9J5ovkWB2drr0MQgw3AM-FrKAdmMS6QCU8GQDX_OWNJJZQ3yW3VLwIXmYnBrW-5Bg0RWcSdSOjc80q3lTbTHV_xpb5ksj5p-o8-Ur24vqXtUE0kvsKMl0NR1sU/s1920/eclipse-map-2024-1920-1.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="1920" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTSXXtrp84z0H59-Kj8Z_5B7nb8XQve5nu7JG4lnKdr79BtSEKsgJDdxI_e9kwnlZe_W9J5ovkWB2drr0MQgw3AM-FrKAdmMS6QCU8GQDX_OWNJJZQ3yW3VLwIXmYnBrW-5Bg0RWcSdSOjc80q3lTbTHV_xpb5ksj5p-o8-Ur24vqXtUE0kvsKMl0NR1sU/s320/eclipse-map-2024-1920-1.webp" width="320" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #58585b;">2024 Total Solar Eclipse shadow path map, built using
datasets from several NASA missions. For more information, visit NASA’s
Scientific Visualization Studio: </span><span style="color: #58585b;"><a href="https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5123/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; text-decoration-line: none;">The 2024 Total Solar Eclipse</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #58585b;">. </span>NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;">If you are planning to observe the
eclipse, you’ve probably consulted a shadow path map like this one. But how do
we know exactly where and when the Moon will cast its shadow? Eclipse
prediction depends, first and foremost, on understanding the positions and
movements of the Moon, Sun, and Earth. Modern maps build on a long human
history of eclipse forecasting. And since 2009, NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance
Orbiter (LRO) has been mapping the Moon in unprecedented detail. LRO’s lunar
topography data enables us to make more accurate eclipse predictions than ever
before.</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Moonshadow: The Making of a Map</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">The Moon is a rugged world of
peaks, craters, basins, and valleys. Since the lunar horizon is bumpy and
jagged, the shadow it casts is </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4517"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">not quite round</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">. Knowing the precise shape of the Moon helps us understand exactly where
its shadow will darken Earth’s surface. Of course, our own planet is not
perfectly round, either. </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/solar-system/new-nasa-map-details-2023-and-2024-solar-eclipses-in-the-us/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">Today’s eclipse maps</span></a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> account not only for the lunar landscape, but also for the contours
of Earth’s mountain ranges, lowlands, and other features.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">
</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh97fpaIX1SXE5t33t-el9XOLBJntPVUuq4zAxrodvk9QuIhh5DGpS2PciExUV2oxUl4EXes2DF-wfUOO-CLIspSif0PCmktv_DygeMw1E1wX90aUuQjrpLU3h2fQw7lV7iCBsMNdTf8LBHaiZKCKidOWHvcXgCxFc-pJdsxASPGh7SFJ3KnhttWpYGJz2A/s2048/solareclipsecomposite-sdo-lro.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh97fpaIX1SXE5t33t-el9XOLBJntPVUuq4zAxrodvk9QuIhh5DGpS2PciExUV2oxUl4EXes2DF-wfUOO-CLIspSif0PCmktv_DygeMw1E1wX90aUuQjrpLU3h2fQw7lV7iCBsMNdTf8LBHaiZKCKidOWHvcXgCxFc-pJdsxASPGh7SFJ3KnhttWpYGJz2A/s320/solareclipsecomposite-sdo-lro.webp" width="320" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #58585b;">Uneven lunar terrain partially blocks the Sun in this
composite image of a partial solar eclipse, showing the Moon (visualization
based on Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter data) passing between Earth and the Sun
(as imaged from space by the Solar Dynamics Observatory spacecraft on October
7, 2010). </span>NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Bursts of Light: Baily's Beads and the Diamond Ring Effect</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Casual observers don’t usually
notice that the Moon’s silhouette is rough around the edges. At a distance of
239,000 miles (that’s the average gap between Earth and the Moon), our nearest
neighbor in space looks round – even mountains appear too small for the human
eye to distinguish. But, for two brief moments during a solar eclipse, craggy
lunar terrain commands the spotlight.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">On the brink of totality, as the
Moon moves into full Sun-blocking position, the Sun’s edge doesn’t go dark all
at once. Last rays of sunlight peek through valleys on the lunar horizon. These
isolated areas of intense brightness can resemble a string of glowing beads or
a single dramatic burst of light like the gem on a ring. The same phenomena,
sometimes called Baily’s Beads and the Diamond Ring Effect, can also occur as
the Moon edges out of totality (or annularity). Since we know the shape and
position of the Moon so well, we can predict where the first and last bits of
sunlight will appear.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">
</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXEKPf_i1sizMIXNDftKlJnYMrzLub718lNiuyPu4ArVORIl0gl1XmP2E2H6leNhppGKIq9pwPf4S2qWIskaVbIDLwaGyXTeyoY9mNP4Vd5hzYsnZErGB0tJSYNBm6X-P49T8TsXDc3oCJa5L5jLtLg2ogJXMnpTHM2iBDcHfl75Ckz5UvhEb7OlfLJTOF/s1024/5663_Bailys_Beads-1.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="665" data-original-width="1024" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXEKPf_i1sizMIXNDftKlJnYMrzLub718lNiuyPu4ArVORIl0gl1XmP2E2H6leNhppGKIq9pwPf4S2qWIskaVbIDLwaGyXTeyoY9mNP4Vd5hzYsnZErGB0tJSYNBm6X-P49T8TsXDc3oCJa5L5jLtLg2ogJXMnpTHM2iBDcHfl75Ckz5UvhEb7OlfLJTOF/s320/5663_Bailys_Beads-1.webp" width="320" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #58585b;">Baily’s Beads as seen during the August 21, 2017 total
solar eclipse. </span>NASA/Aubrey Gemignani</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">NASA Eclipse Science and You</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">NASA scientists take full advantage
of the </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/nasa-research/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">unusual
atmospheric and environmental conditions</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;"> the Moon’s passing shadow creates, and you can
too. </span><span style="color: #1b1b1b;">Here are just
a few places to start.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #2e2e32; line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US">Join a community eclipse
science project like </span><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/skywatching/sense-the-solar-eclipse-with-nasas-eclipse-soundscapes-project/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">Eclipse Soundscapes</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> or </span><a href="https://observer.globe.gov/do-globe-observer/eclipse"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">GLOBE Eclipse</span></a><span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #2e2e32; line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US">A solar eclipse is a rare
opportunity to directly observe a </span><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/moon/moon-phases/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">new
moon</span></a><span lang="EN-US">. Document your experience
and kick off a month of Moon observations with our special edition </span><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/resource/moon-observation-journal-2024-eclipse-edition/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">Moon Observation Journal</span></a><span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #2e2e32; line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US">Learn more about </span><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/moon/eclipses/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">lunar
and solar eclipses</span></a><span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #2e2e32; line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US">Connect with observers
around the world and keep celebrating the Moon’s place in science and
culture on the next </span><a href="https://moon.nasa.gov/observe-the-moon-night/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #17171b;">International
Observe the Moon Night</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: medium;">, Sept.
14, 2024. </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1b1b1b;">Science Advisor: Ernie Wright,
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center</span></i></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;">Source: <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/skywatching/eclipses/solar-eclipses/2024-solar-eclipse/total-solar-eclipse-2024-the-moons-moment-in-the-sun/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Total
Solar Eclipse 2024: The Moon’s Moment in the Sun (nasa.gov)</span></a></span></span></p></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1245780346155241070.post-1531138589285877222024-03-15T06:59:00.002+01:002024-03-15T06:59:30.653+01:00New images reveal what Neptune and Uranus really look like - UNIVERSE<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDhcV6JXhhESfmWsYsXqfQZ0yhgAvIO5ZPNIp2oOkX_XpX8ClGiIQjFrSf_tEBINkmhP2-yLPQ275Yg-AnWmYnJvcYxt1EAfVXrdqDNk_c-IYFVgkdc_t5eozAIZoMtwFY4bBk896LLqE4qxAceiW8jrtRV2uAGDKl3V8hZBBH9WOyASZUwIGGggvJdFWi/s2334/new-images-reveal-what.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1640" data-original-width="2334" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDhcV6JXhhESfmWsYsXqfQZ0yhgAvIO5ZPNIp2oOkX_XpX8ClGiIQjFrSf_tEBINkmhP2-yLPQ275Yg-AnWmYnJvcYxt1EAfVXrdqDNk_c-IYFVgkdc_t5eozAIZoMtwFY4bBk896LLqE4qxAceiW8jrtRV2uAGDKl3V8hZBBH9WOyASZUwIGGggvJdFWi/s320/new-images-reveal-what.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">Voyager 2/ISS images of Uranus and
Neptune released shortly after the Voyager 2 flybys in 1986 and 1989,
respectively, compared with a reprocessing of the individual filter images in
this study to determine the best estimate of the true colors of these planets.
Credit: Patrick Irwin.</span><p></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-top: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Neptune
is fondly known for being a rich blue, and Uranus green—but a new study has
revealed that the two ice giants are actually far closer in color than
typically thought.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">The correct shades of the planets have
been confirmed with the help of research led by Professor Patrick Irwin from
the University of Oxford, which has been </span><span style="color: #212438;"><a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3761" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #4680ee; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">published</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"> today in the <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">He and his team found that both worlds
are in fact a similar shade of greenish blue, despite the commonly-held belief
that Neptune is a deep azure and Uranus has a pale cyan appearance.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Astronomers have long known that most
modern images of the two planets do not accurately reflect their true colors.
The misconception arose because images captured of both planets during the 20th
century—including by NASA's Voyager 2 mission, the only spacecraft to fly past
these worlds—recorded images in separate colors.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The single-color images were later
recombined to create composite color images, which were not always accurately
balanced to achieve a "true" color image, and—particularly in the
case of Neptune—were often made "too blue."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In addition, the early Neptune images
from Voyager 2 were strongly contrast enhanced to better reveal the clouds,
bands, and winds that shape our modern perspective of Neptune.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">Professor Irwin said, "Although the
familiar Voyager 2 images of Uranus were published in a form closer to 'true'
color, those of Neptune were, in fact, stretched and enhanced, and therefore
made artificially too blue. Even though the artificially-saturated color was
known at the time among </span><span style="color: #212438;"><a href="https://phys.org/tags/planetary+scientists/" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">planetary scientists</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">—and the images were released with captions explaining
it—that distinction had become lost over time. Applying our model to the
original data, we have been able to reconstitute the most accurate
representation yet of the color of both Neptune and Uranus."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_UBtigYtN9Wa2R4TwWe-6qUKdRLQ7ZKNZELp1RHXBvtZIWNjyI8Q2spfSDuy8kuBw3YUOnzvgnmdYuqbGcEt-VihLTQVHwANXaf6VRZwZ6j1OOjd7HFnRC5d4snOeJFmYGfdC50kaoPQw52OzGmvu7755YP_Rok9ZVR-oYC3TyKUzS9OOtPlfLEGygYzz/s1280/new-images-reveal-what-1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1245" data-original-width="1280" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_UBtigYtN9Wa2R4TwWe-6qUKdRLQ7ZKNZELp1RHXBvtZIWNjyI8Q2spfSDuy8kuBw3YUOnzvgnmdYuqbGcEt-VihLTQVHwANXaf6VRZwZ6j1OOjd7HFnRC5d4snOeJFmYGfdC50kaoPQw52OzGmvu7755YP_Rok9ZVR-oYC3TyKUzS9OOtPlfLEGygYzz/s320/new-images-reveal-what-1.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US">Uranus as seen by HST/WFC3 from
2015-2022. During this sequence the north pole, which has a paler green color,
swings down towards the Sun and Earth. In these images the equator and latitude
lines at 35N and 35S are marked. Credit: Patrick Irwin</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-top: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In
the new study, the researchers used data from Hubble Space Telescope's Space
Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) and the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer
(MUSE) on the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope. In both
instruments, each pixel is a continuous spectrum of colors.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">This means that STIS and MUSE
observations can be unambiguously processed to determine the true apparent
color of Uranus and Neptune. The researchers used these data to re-balance the
composite color images recorded by the Voyager 2 camera, and also by the Hubble
Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">This revealed that Uranus and Neptune
are actually a rather similar shade of greenish blue. The main difference is
that Neptune has a slight hint of additional blue, which the model reveals to
be due to a thinner haze layer on that planet.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The
study also provides an answer to the long-standing mystery of why Uranus's
color changes slightly during its 84-year orbit of the sun. The authors came to
their conclusion after first comparing images of the ice giant to measurements
of its brightness, which were recorded by the Lowell Observatory in Arizona
from 1950–2016 at blue and green wavelengths.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">These
measurements showed that Uranus appears a little greener at its solstices (i.e.
summer and winter), when one of the planet's poles is pointed towards our star.
But during its equinoxes—when the sun is over the equator—it has a somewhat
bluer tinge.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Part
of the reason for this was known to be because Uranus has a highly unusual
spin. It effectively spins almost on its side during its orbit, meaning that
during the planet's solstices either its north or south pole points almost
directly towards the sun and Earth. This is important, the authors said,
because any changes to the reflectivity of the polar regions would therefore
have a big impact on Uranus's overall brightness when viewed from our planet.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-top: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">What
astronomers were less clear about is how or why this reflectivity differs. This
led the researchers to develop a model which compared the spectra of Uranus's
polar regions to its equatorial regions. It found that the polar regions are
more reflective at green and red wavelengths than at blue wavelengths, partly
because methane, which is red-absorbing, is about half as abundant near the
poles than the equator.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 15pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span><p></p>
<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/09M0XOGJtNw?si=J4GhJM_m35eueteL" title="YouTube video player" width="640"></iframe></div><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;">Animation of seasonal changes in color on Uranus
during two Uranus years (one Uranus year is 84.02 Earth years), running from
1900 to 2068 and starting just before southern summer solstice, when Uranus's
south pole points almost directly towards the Sun. The left-hand disk shows the
appearance of Uranus to the naked eye, while the right-hand disk has been color
stretched and enhanced to make atmospheric features clearer. In this animation,
Uranus's spin has been slowed down by over 3000 times so that the planetary
rotation can be seen, with discrete storm clouds seen passing across the
planet's disk. As the planet moves towards its solstices a pale polar 'hood' of
increasing cloud opacity and reduced methane abundance can be seen filling more
of the planet's disk leading to seasonal changes in the overall color of the
planet. The changing size of Uranus's disk is due to Uranus's distance from the
Sun changing during its orbit. Credit: Patrick Irwin, University of Oxford<span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">However, this wasn't enough to
fully explain the color change, so the researchers added a new variable to the
model in the form of a "hood" of gradually thickening icy haze that
has previously been observed over the summer sunlit pole as the planet moves
from equinox to solstice.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Astronomers think this is likely to
be made up of methane ice particles. When simulated in the model, the ice
particles further increased the reflection at green and red wavelengths at the
poles, offering an explanation as to why Uranus is greener at the solstice.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;">Professor Irwin said, "This is
the first study to match a quantitative model to imaging data to explain why
the color of Uranus changes during its orbit. In this way, we have demonstrated
that Uranus is greener at the solstice due to the polar regions having reduced
methane abundance but also an increased thickness of brightly scattering </span><span style="color: #212438;"><a href="https://phys.org/tags/methane/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">methane</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"> ice particles."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Dr. Heidi Hammel, of the
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), who has spent
decades studying Neptune and Uranus but was not involved in the study, said,
"The misperception of Neptune's color, as well as the unusual color changes
of Uranus, have bedeviled us for decades. This comprehensive study should
finally put both issues to rest."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The ice giants Uranus and Neptune
remain a tantalizing destination for future robotic explorers, building on the
legacy of Voyager in the 1980s.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Professor Leigh Fletcher, a
planetary scientist from the University of Leicester and co-author of the new
study, said, "A mission to explore the Uranian system—from its bizarre
seasonal atmosphere, to its diverse collection of rings and moons—is a high
priority for the space agencies in the decades to come."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">However, even a long-lived
planetary explorer, in orbit around Uranus, would only capture a short snapshot
of a Uranian year.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #212438;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">"Earth-based studies like
this, showing how Uranus's appearance and color has changed over the decades in
response to the weirdest seasons in the solar system, will be vital in placing
the discoveries of this future mission into their broader context,"
Professor Fletcher added.</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: black;">by </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.ox.ac.uk/" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" target="_blank"><span style="background: white; color: black; text-decoration: none;">University of Oxford</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;">Source: <a href="https://phys.org/news/2024-01-images-reveal-neptune-uranus.html"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">New
images reveal what Neptune and Uranus really look like (phys.org)</span></a></span></span></p></div>Erik Martin Willenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08557350905031473024noreply@blogger.com0