A team of University of California, Irvine researchers have published
the first comprehensive overview of the major changes that occur in mammalian
skin cells as they prepare to heal wounds. Results from the study provide a
blueprint for future investigation into pathological conditions associated with
poor wound healing, such as in diabetic patients.
“This study is
the first comprehensive dissection of the major changes in cellular
heterogeneity from a normal state to wound healing in skin,” said Xing Dai,
PhD, a professor of biological chemistry and dermatology in the UCI School of
Medicine, and senior author. “This work also showcases the collaborative
efforts between biologists, mathematician and physicists at UCI, with support
from the National Institute of Arthritis & Musculoskeletal & Skin
Diseases-funded UCI Skin Biology Resource-based Center and the NSF-Simons
Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research.
The study, titled, “Defining epidermal basal cell states during skin
homeostasis and wound healing using single-cell transcriptomics,” was published
this week in Cell Reports.
“Our research
uncovered at least four distinct transcriptional states in the epidermal basal
layer as part of a ‘hierarchical-lineage’ model of the epidermal homeostasis,
or stable state of the skin, clarifying a long-term debate in the skin stem
cell field,” said Dai.
Using
single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with RNAScope and fluorescence lifetime
imaging, the team identified three non-proliferative and one proliferative
basal cell state in homeostatic skin that differ in metabolic preference and
become spatially partitioned during wound re-epithelialization, which is the
process by which the skin and mucous membranes replace superficial epithelial
cells damaged or lost in a wound.
Epithelial
tissue maintenance is driven by resident stem cells, the proliferation and
differentiation dynamics of which need to be tailored to the tissue’s
homeostatic and regenerative needs. However, our understanding of
tissue-specific cellular dynamics in vivo at single-cell and tissue scales is
often very limited.
“Our study lays
a foundation for future investigation into the adult epidermis, specifically
how the skin is maintained and how it can robustly regenerate itself upon
injury,” said Dai.
Source: https://myfusimotors.com/2020/03/24/how-skin-cells-prepare-to-heal-wounds/
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