Drinking two to
three cups of coffee a day is linked with a longer lifespan and lower risk of
cardiovascular disease compared with avoiding coffee, according to research
published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, a journal of the ESC. The findings applied
to ground, instant and decaffeinated varieties.
“In this large, observational study,
ground, instant and decaffeinated coffee were associated with equivalent
reductions in the incidence of cardiovascular disease and death from
cardiovascular disease or any cause,” said study author Professor Peter Kistler
of the Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia. “The
results suggest that mild to moderate intake of ground, instant and
decaffeinated coffee should be considered part of a healthy lifestyle.”
There is little information on the
impact of different coffee preparations on heart health and survival. This
study examined the associations between types of coffee and incident
arrhythmias, cardiovascular disease and death using data from the UK Biobank,
which recruited adults between 40 and 69 years of age. Cardiovascular disease
was comprised of coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure and ischaemic
stroke.
The study included 449,563 participants
free of arrhythmias or other cardiovascular disease at baseline. The median age
was 58 years and 55.3% were women. Participants completed a questionnaire
asking how many cups of coffee they drank each day and whether they usually
drank instant, ground (such as cappuccino or filtered coffee), or decaffeinated
coffee. They were then grouped into six daily intake categories, consisting of
none, less than one, one, two to three, four to five, and more than five cups
per day. The usual coffee type was instant in 198,062 (44.1%) participants,
ground in 82,575 (18.4%), and decaffeinated in 68,416 (15.2%). There were
100,510 (22.4%) non-coffee drinkers who served as the comparator group.
Coffee drinkers were compared to
non-drinkers for the incidence of arrhythmias, cardiovascular disease and
death, after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, obesity, high blood pressure,
diabetes, obstructive sleep apnoea, smoking status, and tea and alcohol
consumption. Outcome information was obtained from medical records and death
records. The median follow up was 12.5 years.
A total of 27,809 (6.2%) participants
died during follow up. All types of coffee were linked with a reduction in
death from any cause. The greatest risk reduction seen with two to three cups
per day, which compared to no coffee drinking was associated with a 14%, 27%
and 11% lower likelihood of death for decaffeinated, ground, and instant
preparations, respectively.
Cardiovascular disease was diagnosed in
43,173 (9.6%) participants during follow up. All coffee subtypes were associated
with a reduction in incident cardiovascular disease. Again, the lowest risk was
observed with two to three cups a day, which compared to abstinence from coffee
was associated with a 6%, 20%, and 9% reduced likelihood of cardiovascular
disease for decaffeinated, ground, instant coffee, respectively.
An arrhythmia was diagnosed in 30,100
(6.7%) participants during follow up. Ground and instant coffee, but not
decaffeinated, was associated with a reduction in arrhythmias including atrial
fibrillation. Compared with non-drinkers, the lowest risks were observed with
four to five cups a day for ground coffee and two to three cups a day for
instant coffee, with 17% and 12% reduced risks, respectively.
Professor Kistler said: “Caffeine is the most well-known constituent in coffee, but the beverage contains more than 100 biologically active components. It is likely that the non-caffeinated compounds were responsible for the positive relationships observed between coffee drinking, cardiovascular disease and survival. Our findings indicate that drinking modest amounts of coffee of all types should not be discouraged but can be enjoyed as a heart healthy behavior.”
Journal article: https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac189/6704995
Source: Coffee
drinking is associated with increased longevity – Scents of Science
(myfusimotors.com)
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